One of the central organising principles of societies, refers to socially constructed roles, behaviours, and identities of women, men, and gender-diverse people. Contrary to the term “sex”, “gender” does not refer to the biological attributes of females and males. “Gender” is a set of qualities that are culturally, socially, and institutionally associated with femininity, masculinity, or other identity. Gender identity is considered to be fluid, not static, and not confined to a binary (woman/man). In social sciences, gender category functions as an important research variable, a lens through which gender roles and gender power relations are being analysed. Gender perspective aims to eliminate gender stereotypes and gender bias in healthcare, education, sports, welfare, labour market, family relations, and other aspects of public life.
 

Source: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, 2023 https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/48642.html, Food and Agriculture Organisation, 2004 https://www.fao.org/4/y5608e/y5608e01.htm